Marshall Islands Launches First On-Chain Universal Basic Income on Stellar
On Dec. 18, 2025, the Republic of the Marshall Islands rolled out ENRA, a government-backed universal basic income program delivered on the Stellar blockchain. ENRA is financed through a U.S. Treasury-backed digital bond, marrying sovereign credit support with blockchain settlement to automate recurring citizen payments and enable auditability of flows.
The policy is notable because treasury backing reduces volatility risk for recipients and Stellar’s low fees and fast finality make programmatic payouts more practical for a dispersed island population. Proponents view ENRA as a potential template for other small states seeking programmable social support, though wider adoption will hinge on user onboarding, privacy protections and coordination with international regulators.